I hope that what you are trying to achieve is to make the particles bounce back from a surface. I do not think we need collider force for that. Just set bounce value to non zero. That should work.
Simple Reflection
Strictly Upward
If you want the particle rebound to go upward only, use the trigger section just like you would use BoxCollider2D. Use another particle system to send particle upwards.
rebound and upward
I would guess you have to write a script for particle system to fire whenever a collision is detected on the plane. The second alternative sounds cleaner. Just cover up the ground with a lot of light, nobody will notice :)
Good Luck.
Particle system has a list of collision events. This script checks collisions and matches tags. If tags match, then action is executed. Uncomment flag= true if you want only one collisions.