# Tag Info

### What is the little dot/icon at the center of the screen in an FPS game called?

In addition to what Josh Petrie mentioned: if you're looking for more advanced ways to aim weapons, the center dot in your bottom image is also called a "pipper" in real-life applications. This ...
• 510

### Should the bullet trajectory calculated by server or by client?

Always assume the client is a lying, cheating, bastard. The client is responsible for: Receiving input from the player (and sending commands to the server, which validates) Rendering the known ...
Accepted

### Why aren't game bullets implemented as if they were real bullets?

The main problem is tunneling. Game physics engines typically use discrete collisions. That means they advance all the bodies by one short time step, then check if they're intersecting, and handle ...
• 115k

### How is shot synchronization implemented in multiplayer FPS?

When dealing with different frames of reference interacting with each other instantaneously, you have to compromise somewhere, you cannot have everything consistent everywhere; that's a fact of life. ...
• 14.6k
Accepted

### Simple framerate counter?

To measure framerate you need two counts: How many frames (not draw calls) have passed, and, How much time has passed. Your framerate is therefore calculated as: ...
• 19.7k

### FPS Crosshair, Should it be drawn on center of the screen or to the forward of bullet spawn point?

There are many reasons a designer/programmer would want to draw the crosshair on the exact center of screen, or a little lower. A hybrid system may even be implemented, taking advantage of the ...
• 4,240

### How can I minimise data sent through a network in a modern FPS?

When we implemented our networking engine we exploited a number of compression techniques: First we write all of our snapshot bit-wise: bools are only 1 bit instead of 1 byte (or more depending on ...
• 3,022

### Why do most FPS games have a machine gun, shotgun, and sniper rifle?

Why has this happened? This HASN'T happened. Duke Nukem 3D and Unreal Tournament (to use your examples) were creative games, both were trying lots of exciting new things, in new themes, in new ways. ...
• 21.2k
Accepted

### Networked projectiles in an authoritative server

This is what we ended up doing: Client side Detect player clicks button to shot missile Immediatley simulate rocket visuals on client In parallel, send command to server Once predict hit something, ...
• 636

### How to create bullet impact effects?

You're probably looking for a combination of the following concepts: Particle system for the bullet hitting a surface (i.e. sparks on hitting metal, wood splints on hitting wood etc.) Decals to ...
Accepted

### How do fps games do ironsights for weapons

You can use a model. Often, HUD elements, sometimes including weapons, are rendered seperately from the environment. In the simplest example you'd set up the animation so that the ironsights line up ...
• 3,775

### Why do most FPS games have a machine gun, shotgun, and sniper rifle?

Aside from Josh's answer you have to keep in mind something else: players know what each of these weapons does. If I pick up a sniper rifle I know what I can probably do with it (shoot long distances, ...
• 965
Accepted

### Should the bullet trajectory calculated by server or by client?

Note that most of us cannot answers specific questions about either of the games you mentioned. We aren't the authors of that code and can't reasonably know exactly how it was built. Generally ...
• 41.4k
Accepted

### How to implement view bobbing?

Head bobbing consists of transformations to the camera to imply human movements of the player. The player would be using his/her feet to step from one foot to the other. This causes all sorts of ...
• 1,624

### how to convert FoV into zoom 2x, 3x, 4x...?

Technically changing the FOV isn't zooming, but it does the same thing, so let's not take that into account. You can calculate the size of the view plane where the object lies using trigonometric ...
• 14.5k

### Best field of view

Configurable. The best field of view depends on many variables. For instance, how large the monitor is, are you using eyefinity, is the aspect ratio nonstandard, how far you are from the screen. ...
• 3,203

### Should the bullet trajectory calculated by server or by client?

More than likely, it works like this (major speculations): Client sends Shoot command to server, along with parameters such as position, direction, velocity, type, etc... Server accepts command and ...
• 8,279

### Sending a players mouse movement to the server in an FPS

Translate mouse input to rotation on the client-side. Then send the new view direction to the server, not raw mouse input. Usually there is more than one way to change the players view direction (...
• 112k
Accepted

### Multiplayer FPS Gameplay: How to encourage players to dispense ammo?

I'd like to examine two multiplayer class-based FPS games with support classes as case studies: Wolfenstein: Enemy Territory and Team Fortress 2. Both have separate classes that give health and ammo, ...
• 14.6k

### Multiplayer FPS Gameplay: How to encourage players to dispense ammo?

There are a few better ways to get players to share ammo, however your your example mechanisms wouldn't work that well, example 1 has the weakness of not really giving any reason towards player B has ...
• 965

### Why should a FPS game use a "floating arms" approach over full body one?

Because it's more simple. Player's avatar arms are one thing to tweak and make look right in a 3d world. If you add the full body, it takes more resource to accomplish, and does not always add much ...
• 15.7k
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### LibGDX - FPS drops

You should avoid invoking new instances in your render and update methods. As these methods are called numerous times per second, this can be a pretty straining task, as the unreferenced instances ...
• 91

### Not see through models without adjusting clipping panels

You could render the weapon in a separate pass/camera, and just overlay the weapon onto the other view. In Unity this is pretty easy to do by adjusting stuff like the Clipping Mask and Clear Flags of ...
• 15.6k
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### How do Aimbots get detected?

Most games allow you to manually spawn an invisible bot, and a lot of aimbots don't filter these out. By spawning 3 different bots and checking if the user aims at them, you can check whether they ...
• 14.5k
Accepted

### First Person Shooter Character in Unity - Meshes Clipping When Close to Body?

The way this is often done is to render in two passes: first, render your scene with your normal near & far planes. next, clear the depth buffer, and render your character's visible first-person ...
• 115k
If you're transforming a vector $\vec v$ like this: \vec v ' = M \cdot \vec v\\ \begin{bmatrix}v_x'\\v_y'\\v_z'\\1\end{bmatrix}= \begin{bmatrix}X_x & Y_x & Z_x &T_x\\ X_y & Y_y &...