How do you add turbulence to a particle system using noise?

Question

I have implemented a basic particle system using transform feedback in openGL, hoping to replicate a dust cloud.

I have looked at methods of adding turbulence, such as vortices found here.

But they do not give the desired effect. The guide discusses the idea of using perlin or simplex noise to add turbulence.

But I don't understand how this is done?

Would you use a pre-generated noise texture and take sample data from it?

Or calculate data at run time in the shader?

What is the basic idea behind implementing noise turbulence?

Edit: My main question would be, how do you get a turbulent velocity from noise values?

Answer 1

If you want 3D I gues one easy way of getting a velocity for a particle would be to input it's location into a noise function trice with a different seed for each one and then use the output numbers an x, y and z velocities.

Another and better way would be to generate two random numbers with the method I mentioned before: rand1 and rand2 that will be between 0 and 1 and use them to get a random uniformly ditributed poin point on a sphere witch can be used as a dirrection vector and scaled as needed. Like so:

    theta = 2 * PI * rand1;
    phi = acos(2 * rand2 - 1.0);
    velX[i] = cos(theta) * sin(phi) * scale;
    velY[i] = sin(theta) * sin(phi) * scale;
    velZ[i] = cos(phi) * scale;

A good way of doing this is to use 4D perlin noise, with the first three dimentions being position and the fourth being the seed. To increase performene you can make an array of the velocities and the velocitie closest to a particle will effect it. You can also add variations to the flow by adding time to the seed but it won't be as efecient because you'll have to recompute the values.