Is there a simple way to get a true isometric projection with the HTML5 canvas element?
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\$\begingroup\$ Are you looking for libraries or how-to render using the Html5 Canvas? \$\endgroup\$– FxIIIJul 12, 2011 at 20:17
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\$\begingroup\$ Here is an amazing tutorial for future readers: youtube.com/watch?v=go1qrWFw_bs It explains the math behind isometric projection and touches on both 2D and 3D. \$\endgroup\$– DUUUDE123Oct 6, 2015 at 23:14
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2 Answers
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One of the properties of an isometric projection (and all axonometric projections) is that objects in the distance do not grow smaller.
Therefore, trivially, HTML5 supports isometric projections because you can just draw all your art assets that way, and overlay them to create the depth.
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Edit: Revised the answer so it is more clear.
Here is a quick note on how to modify something simple like a square so that it is isometric. What I do here is run 3 draw routines. First, I draw a normal square who's center origin is the middle of the canvas (but your origin could be anywhere). Then, I make some basic calculations to turn it into an isometric polygon. This isn;t the "right" way to do this, but it should help you understand what the math in the next draw routine is doing. I then re-draw the polygon using a isometric transform, which is a short cut of sorts for doing what we did manually in the previous example.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title></title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="..\tccore\jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var cellWidth = 30;
var cellHeight = 30;
var context;
function getCellBoundaries(theCellX, theCellY) {
//right
var aOffset = { "offsetX": (cellWidth * -1) / 2, "offsetY": (cellHeight * -1) / 2 };
var aCell = { "x": theCellX, "y": theCellY };
var p1 = getScreenCoords(aCell, aOffset);
//bottom
aOffset = { "offsetX": (cellWidth) / 2, "offsetY": (cellHeight * -1) / 2 };
var p2 = getScreenCoords(aCell, aOffset);
//left
aOffset = { "offsetX": (cellWidth) / 2, "offsetY": (cellHeight) / 2 };
var p3 = getScreenCoords(aCell, aOffset);
//top
aOffset = { "offsetX": (cellWidth * -1) / 2, "offsetY": (cellHeight) / 2 };
var p4 = getScreenCoords(aCell, aOffset);
return { "point1": p1, "point2": p2, "point3": p3, "point4": p4 };
}
function getScreenCoords(Cell, offset) {
var posX = Cell.x * cellWidth + offset.offsetX;
var posZ = Cell.y * cellHeight - offset.offsetY;
var xCart = (posX - posZ)
var yCart = (posX + posZ) / 2;
var rX = -xCart + 400;
var rY = +yCart + 300;
return { "x": Math.floor(rX), "y": Math.floor(rY) };
}
function drawIsoCellBorders (cellX, cellY) {
var cellPoints = getCellBoundaries(cellX, cellY);
context.beginPath();
context.strokeStyle = "red";
context.moveTo(cellPoints.point1.x, cellPoints.point1.y);
context.lineTo(cellPoints.point2.x, cellPoints.point2.y);
context.lineTo(cellPoints.point3.x, cellPoints.point3.y);
context.lineTo(cellPoints.point4.x, cellPoints.point4.y);
context.lineTo(cellPoints.point1.x, cellPoints.point1.y);
console.log("Translated:");
console.log("Bottom: " + cellPoints.point2.x+","+ cellPoints.point2.y);
console.log("Right:" + cellPoints.point1.x +","+ cellPoints.point1.y);
console.log("Top:" + cellPoints.point4.x+","+ cellPoints.point4.y);
console.log("Left: " + cellPoints.point3.x+","+ cellPoints.point3.y);
context.stroke();
context.closePath();
}
$(document).ready(function () {
context = $("#gamescreen")[0].getContext('2d');
/*let's saw we want to draw an isometric square in the center of the page.
Before we do that though, let;s draw a normal square in the center of the page
so you know where some of these wild assumptions come from. To do that, we need to know
where the square should go. We know our canvas is 800 wide and our cells are 30 wide so
we can assume that our canvas can fit around 800/30 cells.*/
var cells_wide = 800/cellWidth;
var cells_high = 600/cellHeight;
//half are our centers positions for 2d
var xCenter = cells_wide/2 * cellWidth;
var yCenter = cells_high/2 * cellWidth;
var centerCellNumberX = cells_wide/2;
var centerCellNumberY = cells_high/2;
//to draw a square in the center of the canvas, we just draw the points.
context.beginPath();
context.strokeStyle = "blue";
context.moveTo(xCenter-cellWidth/2,yCenter-cellHeight/2); //move to top left corner
context.lineTo(xCenter+cellWidth/2, yCenter-cellHeight/2); //move to top right corner
context.lineTo(xCenter+cellWidth/2, yCenter+cellHeight/2); //move to bottom right corner
context.lineTo(xCenter-cellWidth/2, yCenter+cellHeight/2); //move to bottom left corner
context.lineTo(xCenter-cellWidth/2,yCenter-cellHeight/2); //move back to top left corner
context.stroke(); //draw and yay - we've got a little gray square in the center of our canvas
context.closePath();
//now, give this an isometric perspective is pretty easy, we essentially tilt the square.
//a sort of simplified way to do this is as follows -
//It means that we essentially draw a diamond instead of a square, and then halve the height
//and double the width.
//the first point, (the top of the diamond) is 1/2 the width of the square from where the top left
//corner of a normal square would be, to the right
//to Draw: first clear our other rect
//context.clearRect(0, 0, 800, 600);
context.beginPath();
context.strokeStyle = "gray";
console.log("Hacked:");
context.moveTo(xCenter, yCenter+cellHeight/2); //bottom of diamond
console.log("Bottom: " + xCenter + "," + (yCenter+cellHeight/2)); //bottom of diamond
context.lineTo(xCenter+cellWidth, yCenter); //right of diamond
console.log("Right:" + (xCenter+cellWidth) + "," + yCenter); //right of diamond
context.lineTo(xCenter,yCenter-cellHeight/2); //top of diamond
console.log("Top:" + xCenter + "," + (yCenter-cellHeight/2)); //top of diamond
context.lineTo(xCenter-cellWidth, yCenter); //left of diamond
console.log("Left: " + (xCenter-cellWidth) + "," +yCenter); //left of diamond
context.lineTo(xCenter, yCenter+cellHeight/2); //back to bottom of diamond
context.stroke(); //boom, we have an isotile and isopositioning based on some 2s cell-grid coord
context.closePath();
//now let's draw the same exact iso polygon but use our transform
drawIsoCellBorders(0,0);
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<canvas id="gamescreen" width="800" height="600" style="border-style: dotted; float: left;">
</canvas>
</body>
</html>
An explanation of how this code works can be found here (I just found this today): http://www.kirupa.com/developer/actionscript/isometric_transforms.htm. This explains a bit about a coordinate system similar to what we used. Unfortunately, it doesn't really explain the math, which I will do shortly (need to run).
In addition as mentioned in the previous post, some of this code is taken from http://github.com/j03m/trafficcone which is an isometric game engine for html5 that I wrote. To see how this code is used to create a full world, see Engine.js and GameWorldModelIso.js. Engine.js shows how a full grid can be drawn (drawMock3dGrid) and GameWorldModelIso.js shows how to build on the basic forumla used above to help you navigate the gameworld, place things in cells etc without having to think about the angles and such.
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\$\begingroup\$ It would be better if you pointed out specific examples (files/functions/etc) instead of linking to your whole project. \$\endgroup\$– TetradJan 20, 2012 at 20:11
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