Short answer: Yes.
Long answer: You almost certainly aren't ready for that, and a sole developer would be folly to undertake such an enormous project anyway.
Connecting to a common server is not too big of an issue. All the devices you mention communicate with common servers on a regular basis (via HTTP anyway). The server doesn't have to know anything about what OS the client is running. Network communication is, for the most part, device agnostic. Once you have electricity on the wire, it doesn't matter who sent it or what's on the other end.
About your doubt with the "logic for graphics and texture", if you think that the aspect ratio is your primary concern, you are woefully misinformed and likely don't understand the technology. The devices you listed do not have common graphics hardware nor do they even use a common coding language. Some can run many, some can run only one. That being said, it would be possible to have them all run something that appears to look the same. However, you'd have to maintain multiple code bases to support just the hardware you mentioned, not including the "etc.".
Just based on your question, you seem to be a very new developer. I think your ambition is great, but you may want to start smaller. See what actually goes into the development of a game for one platform. Then decide if you actually want to expand that to multiple devices.
